The fire-resistant coating is coated on the surface of the material and has better fire-resistant performance.

Inorganic fire retardant coating components use sodium silicate solution, sodium alginate solution, barium sulfate, sodium borate, asbestos, mica, metal zinc powder, iron oxide red and other materials. Good fire resistance, easy to obtain raw materials, easy to manufacture and low cost. However, the adhesion and decoration are poor, materials such as sodium silicate are easy to hydrolyze, and the moisture and water resistance are poor. At the same time, the coating film is easy to age and fall off. It can only be applied to the interior walls of warehouses, concrete and other parts with weak decoration, and it is difficult to apply widely.

Organic fire-resistant coatings can be divided into non-intumescent and intumescent types.

Resin binders in the composition of non-intumescent fire-resistant coatings are commonly used resins such as phenolic resins, amino resins, chlorinated rubbers, perchloroethylene, and chlorinated alkyds. When heated, they decompose a large amount of chlorine and hydrogen chloride gas to increase the flame retardancy. Epoxy resin made from tetrabromobisphenol A instead of bisphenol A. Triphosphate is added to alkyd resin and ethylene resin made from tetrabromophthalic anhydride. Pentabromophenol is added to phenolic form. They decompose when heated. The HBr was released and the flame was extinguished. Pigments, fillers and flame retardant additives in fire-resistant coatings. Common compounds containing ammonium, chloride and carbonate. When they are decomposed by heat and fire, they produce flame-resistant ammonia, chlorine, carbon dioxide gas, etc. These non-intumescent coatings have limited flame retardance due to the failure to form a thermally insulating foam layer.

Intumescent fire retardant coatings can be selected from materials such as ammonium polyphosphate, melamine phosphate, trichlorophosphate, urea, chlorinated biphenyl, melamine, formaldehyde resin, and trihydrogen phosphate. The carbonizing agent is a carbon-containing organic substance, such as pentaerythritol, polyamide resin, starch, and the like. Its role is to provide a "carbon frame" as a material basis for foaming. Commonly used hexamethylenetetramine, hydrogen diamine, and other air-jetting agents will emit non-combustible gas when they are decomposed by heat, which will blow up the carbonaceous layer and promote the formation of porous foam.

The distribution ratios of the above groups are reasonable and each plays a role. Not only form a fire insulation layer, but also block a lot of oxygen and prevent combustion. The currently developed FR-A alkyd intumescent fireproof coating has excellent thermal properties and low heat transfer performance. The fireproof coating mainly uses ammonium polyphosphate as a flame retardant and is used in combination with a suitable foaming agent. The formed foam layer is dense, not easy to crack, and has good fire resistance, which has reached the first level of fire resistance.