1 . Microencapsulation

       The application of microencapsulation to flame retardant is a new technology developed in recent years. The essence of microencapsulation is to pulverize and disperse the flame retardant into fine particles, and encapsulate it with organic or inorganic substances to form a microencapsulated flame retardant, or use a large surface inorganic substance as a carrier to adsorb the flame retardant to these inorganic substances. A honeycomb microcapsule flame retardant is formed in the void of the carrier. The microencapsulation of bromine-based environmentally friendly flame retardants has the following advantages: it can improve the stability of the flame retardant; it can improve the compatibility of the flame retardant and the resin, and it can improve the reduction of the physical and mechanical properties of the material; it can greatly improve A variety of properties of flame retardants, expanding its application.

2 . Nano flame retardant technology

       Some nanomaterials have the function of preventing combustion. Adding them as a flame retardant to combustible materials, using their special size and structural effects, can change the combustion properties of combustible materials and make them into materials with fire resistance. Using nanotechnology can change the flame retardant mechanism and improve the flame retardant performance. Due to the small particle size and large specific surface area of nanoparticles, the surface effects, volume effects, quantum size effects, and macro quantum tunneling effects of nano particles provide new features for the design and preparation of high-performance, multifunctional new materials. Ideas and approaches.

 3． Superfine

       Inorganic flame retardants have the advantages of high stability, low volatility, low smoke toxicity, and low cost, and are becoming more and more popular. However, its compatibility with synthetic materials is poor, and the large amount of added materials reduces the mechanical properties and heat resistance of the materials. Therefore, it is one of the development trends of inorganic flame retardants to modify the inorganic flame retardants, enhance their compatibility with synthetic materials, and reduce the amount of inorganic flame retardants. At present, the ultra-refinement and nano-crystallization of aluminum hydroxide (3 Al (OH)) is the main research and development direction. A large amount of 3Al (OH) addition will reduce the mechanical properties of the material, and by miniaturizing and refilling 3Al (OH), it will play the role of plasticizing and enhancing the rigid particles, especially nano-scale materials. Since the exertion of flame retardance is governed by chemical reactions, the smaller the particle size of the same amount of flame retardant, the larger the specific surface area, and the better the flame retardancy effect. Superfineness is also considered from the aspect of affinity. It is because of the different polarities of aluminum hydroxide and polymers that the physical and mechanical properties of flame-retardant composites are reduced. The ultra-fine nano-sized 3 Al (OH) enhances the interface interaction and can be uniformly dispersed in the matrix resin, which effectively improves the mechanical properties of the blend.

4. Surface modification

       Inorganic flame retardants have strong polarity and hydrophilicity, poor compatibility with non-polar polymer materials, and difficult to form good bonding and adhesion at the interface. In order to improve the adhesion and interfacial affinity between the polymer and the polymer, surface treatment with a coupling agent is one of the most effective methods. Common coupling agents are silanes and titanates. For example, ATH treated with silane has good flame retardancy, which can effectively improve the flexural strength of polyester and tensile strength of epoxy resin; A TH treated with ethylene-silane can be used to increase the resistance of cross-linked ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer. Flammability, heat resistance and moisture resistance. Titanate coupling agents and silane coupling agents can be used in combination to produce a synergistic effect. After surface modification treatment, the surface activity of ATH is improved, the affinity with the resin is enhanced, the physical and mechanical properties of the product are improved, the processing fluidity of the resin is increased, the moisture absorption rate of the ATH surface is reduced, and the Various electrical properties of flame retardant products, and improve the flame retardant effect from V21 to V20.

5. Compounding synergy

       In actual production applications, a single flame retardant always has one or another of these defects, and it is difficult to meet increasing requirements with a single flame retardant. The compounding technology of flame retardants is to compound between phosphorus-based, halogen-based, nitrogen-based and inorganic flame retardants, or some kind of internal, to find the best economic and social benefits. The flame retardant compounding technology can combine the advantages of two or more flame retardants to make their performances complementary, and achieve the purpose of reducing the amount of flame retardants, improving the material's flame retardant performance, processing performance and physical and mechanical properties. 6. Cross-linking [8] Cross-linked polymers have much better flame retardancy than linear polymers. Adding a small amount of cross-linking agent during the processing of thermoplastics can make the plastic become a part of the network structure, which can improve the dispersibility of the flame retardant, which is conducive to the coking effect of the plastic when it is burned, improve the flame retardancy, and increase the Mechanical and heat resistance.